Crushing method for waste containing materials unfit for crushing and apparatus for its practice

ABSTRACT

The present invention is designed to perform a primary crushing operation including hooking and crushing of the top face part of waste through cooperation of a supporting projection and a first crushing roller. The first crushing roller also conveys the waste. A secondary crushing operation includes crushing of a bottom face part and the top face part of the waste W, while lifting the waste is performed by the first crushing roller and a second crushing roller. And, a tertiary crushing operation including crushing of the object material, that is to be crushed, into small pieces and discharging of these pieces separately from the materials that are unfit for crushing is performed by the second crushing roller and a third crushing roller. The primary crushing operation, secondary crushing operation and tertiary crushing operation are performed one after another, for the purpose of separating and discharging materials that are unfit for crushing without deforming them, and accurately crushing the object material such as frame member, etc., even if the waste is directly submitted to the crushing operations without removing the materials that are unfit for crushing such as a motor, compressor, etc. The recovery ratio of valuables is thus improved upon.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Technical Field

The present invention relates to a crushing method for waste containingmaterials that are unfit for crushing, and an apparatus for itspractice. The method is capable of crushing waste such as home electricappliances, etc. discharged as non-inflammable bulky refuse fromhouseholds, etc., for example, without deforming massive materials thatare difficult to crush such as a motor, compressor, etc. contained inthe waste, while separating the crushed material from those materialsthat are unfit for crushing.

2. Background Art

Conventionally, hammer crushers, biaxial crushers, triaxial crushers,etc. are used for the crushing of waste such as home electricappliances, etc.

In the crushing of waste such as home electric appliances, etc. orrefrigerators, for example, the frame material, etc. of the refrigeratorcan be crushed directly, but massive materials such as the motor andcompressor, etc. are difficult to crush.

A manner has therefore been adopted for manually removing such massivematerials in advance of crushing, and then crushing of the framematerial, etc. by using crushers is performed.

However, a problem with this method is that it requires much manuallabor for the removal of the massive materials such as the motors andcompressors, etc.

On the other hand, treating a refrigerator with a crusher withoutremoving the motor and compressor presented a problem of extremely lowrecovery ratio of valuables, because the motor and compressor aredeformed as a result of the crushing and become difficult to disassembleafter the crushing.

Moreover, a problem with a hammer crusher is that it is dangerousbecause of the possibility of an explosion, which is liable to resultdepending on the type of materials mixed in the waste.

In view of these problems inherent in the crushing of waste containingmaterials that are unfit for crushing, the present inventor et al.proposed a crushing method for waste containing materials that are unfitfor crushing and an apparatus for performance of the method. The methodand apparatus are capable of separating and discharging materials thatare unfit for crushing without deforming them, while crushing objectmaterial that is to be crushed, such as a frame member, etc., andthereby improving the recovery ratio of valuables, even in the casewhere the waste is directly submitted to crushing without removingmaterials that are unfit for crushing, such as a motor, compressor, etc.in advance of the crushing. (PCT/JP98/04791).

An outline of such a crushing method and apparatus is indicated in FIG.7 to FIG. 10.

This crusher 50 comprises a first crushing roller 10 on one side under ahopper 2 of a casing 3 that forms the hopper 2 at its top and is open atits bottom. A second crushing roller 11 is positioned at the back of thecrushing roller 10, and a third crushing roller 12 faces this secondcrushing roller 11.

On another side under the hopper 2 is provided a push-in mechanism 13facing the crushing roller 10, while on a bottom plate 2 a of the hopper2 directly under the first crushing roller 10 is provided a supportingprojection 14.

Thus, when the waste W containing materials M that are unfit forcrushing, such as a motor, compressor, etc. of home electric appliances,are injected in the hopper 2, these materials are pushed by the push-inmechanism 13, toward the first crushing roller 10. Then, to prevent freemove of the waste W, the waste W is supported by the supportingprojection 14, and the first crushing roller 10 bites into the waste W,thereby accurately crushing the waste W while conveying it.

The first crushing roller 10 is constructed, as shown in FIG. 8, byattaching a large number of crushing blades 21 at coarse intervals “a”on a rotary shaft 20 such that the crushing blades 21 project from therotary shaft 20.

These crushing blades 21 are formed with a height “b”, which allows themto easily bite into the waste W while the materials M that are unfit forcrushing contained in the waste W are received within the gaps betweenthe crushing blades 21, and then pass through these gaps without beingcrushed by the first crushing roller 10. Preferably, the tips of thecrushing blades 21 are oriented at an acute angle so that the tips mayeasily bite into the waste W.

Furthermore, the casing 3 directly above the first crushing roller 10 isprovided with a stationary knife 22 to be inserted in the gaps betweenthe crushing blades 21 of the first crushing roller 10, so as to scrapefrom the crushing blades 21 the crushed material which sticks to thecrushing blades 21.

The second crushing roller 11 is realized by attaching screw blades 25onto a rotary shaft 24, as shown in FIG. 9, and these screw blades 25are designed to have a coarse pitch and a height enabling the materialsM that are unfit for crushing to be received within the gaps between thescrew blades 25 and pass therethrough without being crushed, whilecrushing object materials that are to be crushed, such as frame member,etc., as the second crushing roller operates in combination with thethird crushing roller 12.

A screw blade 25 is constructed from screw blades 25 a and 25 b, whichare twisted in directions opposite to each other and formed by splittinga single screw into two pieces. The screw blades 25 a and 25 b are toprevent the object material that is to be crushed from moving sidewaysat the time of crushing.

The third crushing roller 12 is realized by attaching, as shown in FIG.10, main screw blades 27 and auxiliary screw blades to a rotary shaft26. The auxiliary screw blades 28 have a coarser pitch as compared withthat of the main screw blades 27, and are twisted in the directionopposite to the main screw blades 27, such that grids “g” are formedbetween the main screw blades 27 and the auxiliary screw blades 28. Themain screw blades 27 and auxiliary screw blades 28 have a height thatenables the materials M that are unfit for crushing to be receivedwithin these gaps or grids “g” and pass therethrough without beingcrushed.

The main screw blades 27 and the auxiliary screw blades 28 areconstructed from screw blades 27 a, 27 b, 28 a, 28 b, which are twistedin directions opposite to each other and formed by splitting respectivescrews into two pieces each. The opposite directions of twist are toprevent the object material that is to be crushed from moving sidewaysat the time of crushing.

And, on the discharge side of the casing 3 is provided a conveyor 16.

This conveyor 16, installed at a required inclination, is designed tomake the materials M that are unfit for crushing, in massive statewithout being crushed, tumble from the conveyor 16 after beingdischarged on the conveyor 16. The conveyor 16 is also designed to movethe crushed and flattened object material upward when discharged on theconveyor 16, without rolling or sliding of the crushed and flattenedobject material, so as to discharge the crushed and flattened objectmaterial while automatically separating the crushed and flattenedmaterial from the materials that are unfit for crushing. This conveyor16 is constructed in such a way that its inclination may be adjustableas desired.

According to this crusher of waste, although it is possible to achieve acertain objective of separating and discharging materials that are unfitfor crushing without deforming them, the waste W supplied by the hopper2 and pushed by the push-in mechanism 13 to the side of the firstcrushing roller 10 has its top face part crushed by the first crushingroller 10 while its bottom face part is conveyed toward the secondcrushing roller 11 and the third crushing roller 12 along a dischargeguide chute 17 together with the materials M that are unfit for crushingin an uncrushed state.

For that reason, the crushing of the bottom face part of the waste W andthe separation of the materials M that are unfit for crushing must beperformed at the same time by the second crushing roller 11 and thethird crushing roller 12, which face each other, thereby presenting aproblem of difficulty of separation in some cases.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The objective of the present invention, realized in view of the problemswith the crushing of waste containing materials that are unfit forcrushing, is to provide a crushing method for waste containing materialsthat are unfit for crushing and an apparatus for its practice whichmethod and apparatus are capable of separating and discharging thematerials that are unfit for crushing without deforming them, whilecrushing object material that is wanted to be crushed, such as framemembers, etc. This allows for improvement in the recovery ratio ofvaluables, even in cases where the waste is directly submitted tocrushing without the advanced removal of materials that are unfit forcrushing, such as motors, compressors, etc.

To achieve this objective, the crushing method for waste containingmaterials that are unfit for crushing according to the present inventionis characterized in that it includes a primary crushing operationperformed with a crushing roller that conveys the waste by hooking a topface part of the waste, while allowing passage of materials that areunfit for crushing, and contained in the waste, without crushing thesematerials. The method further includes a secondary crushing operationperformed with a crushing rollers that crush both the top and bottomfaces of the waste and, in the same way as in the primary crushing,allows the passage of materials that are unfit for crushing, andcontained in the waste, without crushing these materials. The methodalso includes a tertiary crushing of the object material, that is to becrushed, into small pieces, and separately discharging these pieces fromthe materials that are unfit for crushing.

The crushing method for waste containing materials that are unfit forcrushing according to the present invention is capable of accuratelycrushing only the object material through the primary, secondary andtertiary crushings, by allowing any materials that are unfit forcrushing, and contained in the waste, to pass without crushing thesematerials that are unfit for crushing, during the primary, secondary andtertiary crushings. Moreover, it is also capable of easily separatingmaterials that are unfit for crushing by accurately crushing the topface part of the waste during the primary crushing, and crushing boththe top and bottom face parts of the waste during the secondarycrushing, thereby remarkably improving the recovery ratio of valuables.

Moreover, the crushing apparatus implementing the crushing method forwaste containing materials that are unfit for crushing according to thepresent invention is a crushing apparatus for waste containing materialsthat are unfit for crushing, which includes supporting projections forsupporting the waste supplied, and a first crushing roller for hookingand crushing the top face part of the waste supported by the supportingprojections, while also conveying the waste. The crushing apparatus alsoincludes a second crushing roller disposed at the back of the firstcrushing roller, and a third crushing roller for performing crushing incombination with the second crushing roller. The first crushing rolleris constructed by attaching a large number of crushing blades, forbiting, on a rotary shaft with gaps between the crushing blades, therebyallowing for the passage of materials that are unfit for crushing andcontained in the waste. Cooperation of the second crushing roller, whichis provided with a screw-shaped crushing blade, and the first crushingroller performs crushing of both the top and bottom face parts of thewaste while conveying the waste. And, crushing the object material intosmall pieces and separately discharging these pieces from the materialsthat are unfit for crushing is performed by cooperation of the thirdcrushing roller and the second crushing roller.

This crushing apparatus for waste containing materials that are unfitfor crushing according to the present invention is capable of performinga primary crushing by hooking and crushing the top face part of thewaste while conveying the waste, by virtue of the supporting projectionsand the first crushing roller. The apparatus is also capable ofperforming a secondary crushing of both the top and bottom face parts ofthe waste while conveying the waste by virtue of the first crushingroller and the second crushing roller. And, the apparatus is furthercapable of performing a tertiary crushing of the object material, to becrushed, such that this object material is crushed into small pieces andseparately discharged from the materials that are unfit for crushing, byvirtue of the second crushing roller and the third crushing roller. Inaddition, the apparatus is also capable of easily separating materialsthat are unfit for crushing by accurately crushing the top face part ofthe waste during the primary crushing, and crushing both the top andbottom face parts of the waste during the secondary crushing, therebyremarkably improving the recovery ratio of valuables.

The second crushing roller can include crushing blades, for biting,attached to the rotary shaft with gaps between these crushing blades forallowing the passage of materials that are unfit for crushing andcontained in the waste. These crushing blades protrude from the screwblade, so as to make these crushing blades bite in combination with thecrushing blades of the first crushing roller, thereby making it possibleto allow materials that are unfit for crushing to pass without crushingthese materials, and effectively perform the crushing of the waste bycooperation of the crushing blades of the first crushing roller andthose of the second crushing roller.

Furthermore, a stationary knife can be attached to the casing facing thesecond crushing roller, in such a way that the knife engages with thecrushing blades of the second crushing roller, so as to crush the objectmaterial between these crushing blades and the stationary knife, therebymaking it possible to effectively crush waste with a combination of thecrushing blades of the second crushing roller and the stationary knife.

Additionally, the third crushing roller can be constructed in a way toinclude main screw blades and auxiliary screw blades, wherein theauxiliary screw blades have a coarse pitch and are oriented in adirection that is opposite to that of the main screw blades such thatgrids are formed between the auxiliary screw blades and the main screwblades. The respective screw blades are formed with a pitch allowing forthe passage of the materials that are unfit for crushing, thereby makingit possible to allow the materials that are unfit for crushing to passwithout being crushed, and accurately crush the object material byvirtue of the feed action of the third crushing roller in combinationwith the second crushing roller.

Still further, the third crushing roller can include a plurality ofsegments that are parallel to the rotary shaft and projectperpendicularly from the circumferential face thereof, thereby making itpossible to accurately separate the crushed object material from thematerials that are unfit for crushing without being crushed together,while reducing the manufacturing cost of the third crushing roller.

In addition, it is possible to form, in these segments, notches forallowing the passage of the crushing blade of the second crushingroller, thereby making it possible for the crushing blade of the secondcrushing roller to accurately separate power cords, etc. that areconnected to the materials that are unfit for crushing in such a waythat the crushing blade of the second crushing roller snatches the powercords, etc. when passing through the notches in the segments.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a first embodiment of the crushingapparatus for waste containing materials that are unfit for crushingaccording to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a second embodiment of the crushingapparatus for waste containing materials that are unfit for crushingaccording to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a front elevational view of the second crushing roller of thesecond embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a third embodiment of the crushingapparatus for waste containing materials that are unfit for crushingaccording to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a fourth embodiment of the crushingapparatus for waste containing materials that are unfit for crushingaccording to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a front elevational view of the third crushing roller of thefourth embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing another crushing apparatus for wastecontaining materials that are unfit for crushing.

FIG. 8 is a front elevational view of the first crushing roller of theanother crushing apparatus.

FIG. 9 is a front elevational view of the second crushing roller of theanother crushing apparatus.

FIG. 10 is a front elevational view of the third crushing roller of theanother crushing apparatus.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

The present invention will be described hereafter based on theembodiments indicated in the drawings.

FIG. 1 indicates a first embodiment of the crushing apparatus for wastecontaining materials that are unfit for crushing, according to thepresent invention.

This crusher 1 comprises a first crushing roller 10 positioned on oneside under a hopper 2 of a casing 3. The casing 3 is open at its top andbottom, and the hopper 2 is formed at the open top. A second crushingroller 11 is positioned at the back of the first crushing roller 10, anda third crushing roller 12 faces the second crushing roller 11.

On the other side under the hopper 2 is provided a push-in mechanism 13facing the first crushing roller 10, while on a bottom plate 2 a of thehopper 2, directly under the first crushing roller 10 is provided asupporting projection 14.

When waste W containing materials or components that are unfit forcrushing, such as a motor, compressor, etc. of home electric appliances,is injected in the hopper 2 the push-in mechanism 13 pushes the waste Wtoward the first crushing roller 10. The first crushing roller 10engages or hooks the waste W and crushes crushable components in the topface part thereof. The waste W is then conveyed further into the casing3, while preventing free move of the waste W by supporting the waste Wwith the supporting projection 14. This corresponds to a primarycrushing of the waste W.

The first crushing roller 10 is constructed by attaching a large numberof crushing blades 21 at coarse intervals on a rotary shaft, such thatthe crushing blades 21 project from the rotary shaft. The constructionand action of this first crushing roller 10, a stationary knife 22 to beinserted in a gap between the crushing blades 21, and the casing 3directly above the first crushing roller 10 are the same, unlessotherwise mentioned, to those of the crushing apparatus 50 indicated inFIG. 7.

In the crusher 1 of this embodiment, the second crushing roller 11 isprovided with a screw-shaped crushing blade and is disposed at the backof, and in proximity to, the first crushing roller 10, at a positionslightly higher than the supporting projection 14. This enablescrushable components in the bottom face part and top face part of thewaste W to be jointly crushed by the first crushing roller 10 and thesecond crushing roller 11, while lifting the waste W from the bottomplate 2 a of the hopper 2. This corresponds to a secondary crushing ofthe waste W.

The directions of rotation and drive of the first crushing roller 10 andthe second crushing roller 11 are opposite to each other.

A third crushing roller 12 is disposed in a horizontal position at theback of, and in proximity to, the second crushing roller 11. Thecrushable components of the waste W passed between the first crushingroller 10 and the second crushing roller 11 are jointly crushed by thesecond crushing roller 11 and the third crushing roller 12. Thiscorresponds to a tertiary crushing of the waste W.

The directions of rotation and drive of the second crushing roller 11and the third crushing roller 12 are opposite to each other.

Below the second crushing roller 1I1 and the third crushing roller 12are provided a conveyor 16 and a discharge guide chute 17 at requiredinclinations, respectively. Materials M that are unfit for crushing, andhave not been crushed, fall on the conveyor 16 and then tumble therefrombecause of their shape and weight. On the other hand, finely crushed andflattened material moves upward on the conveyor 16 without tumbling orsliding, so as to be discharged therefrom. This automatically separatesthe crushed and flattened material from that which has not been crushedor flattened. The conveyor 16 is constructed in such a way that itsinclination may be adjustable as desired.

The crusher 1 constructed as described above performs the primarycrushing through cooperation of the supporting projection 14 and thefirst crushing roller 10. The primary crushing includes conveyance ofthe waste W while it is being crushed, by engaging or hooking the topface part of the waste W with the first crushing roller 10, whileallowing passage of materials M that are unfit for crushing, andcontained in the waste, without being crushed. The secondary crushingperformed by the first crushing roller 10 and the second crushing roller11, includes crushing of the bottom face part and the top face part ofthe waste W while lifting the waste W. And, the tertiary crushingperformed by the second crushing roller 11 and the third crushing roller12, includes crushing the material to be crushed into small pieces andthen discharging these pieces separately from the materials M that areunfit for crushing. The primary, secondary and tertiary crushing areperformed one after another, thus making it possible to let pass anymaterials M that are unfit for crushing, which may exist in the waste Wsupplied, without crushing these materials M, and accurately crush onlythe object material to be crushed.

The crusher 1 is capable of accurately crushing the top face part of thewaste W via the primary crushing, through cooperation of the supportingprojection 14 and the first crushing roller 10, is capable of crushingthe bottom face part and the top face part of the waste W via thesecondary crushing through cooperation of the first crushing roller 10and the second crushing roller 11, and is capable of easily separatingmaterials M that are unfit for crushing from the waste W via thesubsequent tertiary crushing through cooperation of the second crushingroller 11 and the third crushing roller 12. These capabilities of thecrusher 1 remarkably improve the recovery ratio of valuables.

FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 indicate the second embodiment of the crusheraccording to the present invention.

In this crusher 30 a second crushing roller 33 provided with crushingblades 34 is used in place of the second crushing roller 11 of thecrusher 1 of the first embodiment.

The crushing blades 34 of the second crushing roller 33 are attached toa rotary shaft 24 by welding, etc. in a way to protrude beyond a screwblade 25, as shown in FIG. 3, and is constructed in such a way such thatthese crushing blades 34 operate like the crushing blades 21 of thefirst crushing roller 10.

This makes it possible to let pass materials M that are unfit forcrushing without crushing them, while effectively performing crushing ofthe waste W, with the crushing blades 21, 34 of the first crushingroller 10 and the second crushing roller 33 respectively reachingnecessary depths of the waste W.

Other constructions and actions of this embodiment are the same as thoseof the crusher 1 of the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 indicates a third embodiment of the crusher according to thepresent invention.

In this crusher 40 a second crushing roller 33 provided with crushingblades 34 is used in place of the second crushing roller 11 of thecrusher 1 of the first embodiment, in the same manner as with thecrusher 30 of the second embodiment. Also, a stationary knife 43 isattached to the casing 3 in such a way as to engage with the crushingblades 34 of the second crushing roller 33.

The stationary knife 43 is preferably attached with an inclination a sothat it may be easily received within the screw blade 25 of the crushingroller 33 when engaging materials M that are unfit for crushing.

This makes it possible to let pass materials M that are unfit forcrushing without crushing them, while effectively performing crushing ofthe waste W, with the crushing blades 21, 34 of the first crushingroller 10 and the second crushing roller 33 respectively reachingnecessary depths of the waste W, and also while performing the crushingof the waste W more effectively via a combination of the crushing blades34 and the stationary knife 43.

Other constructions and actions of this embodiment are the same as thoseof the crusher 1 in the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 indicate a fourth embodiment of the crusher accordingto the present invention.

In this crusher 40A a second crushing roller 33 provided with crushingblades 34 is used in place of the second crushing roller 11 of thecrusher 1 of the first embodiment, in the same manner as with thecrusher 30 of the third embodiment. Also, a stationary knife 43 isattached to the casing 3 in such a way as to engage with the crushingblades 34 of the second crushing roller 33.

This makes it possible to let pass materials M that are unfit forcrushing without crushing them, while effectively performing crushing ofthe waste W, with the crushing blades 21, 34 of the first crushingroller 10 and the second crushing roller 11 respectively reachingnecessary depths of the waste W, and also while performing the crushingof the waste W more effectively via a combination of the crushing blades34 and the stationary knife 43.

Furthermore, in this crusher 40A a third crushing roller 60 is used inplace of the third crushing roller 12 of the crusher 1 of the firstembodiment.

This third crushing roller 60 is constructed, as shown in FIG. 6, from aplurality (six pieces each in three parts divided in the axial directionof rotary shaft 26, though not particularly so restricted) of segments61 in parallel with the rotary shaft 26 and projecting perpendicularlyfrom the circumferential face thereof. Notches 62 are formed in thesegments for allowing passage of the crushing blades 34 of the secondcrushing roller 33.

The notches 62 may be omitted in the case where the third crushingroller 60 is not made to engage with the second crushing roller 33.

This makes it possible to accurately separate the material to be crushedfrom the materials M that are unfit for crushing and are not crushed,while reducing the manufacturing cost of the third crushing roller 60.This also makes it possible for the crushing blades 34 of the secondcrushing roller 33 to accurately separate a power cord, etc. that isconnected to the materials M that are unfit for crushing in such a wayas to snatch it when passing through the notches 62 in the segments 61.

Other constructions and actions of this embodiment are the same as thoseof the crusher 1 of the first embodiment.

Possibility of Industrial Application

With the crushing method for waste containing materials that are unfitfor crushing, and the apparatus for its practice, according to thepresent invention, it is possible to separate and discharge materialsthat are unfit for crushing without deforming them, while crushing thematerials that are to be crushed such as a frame member, etc., andefficiently perform crushing of waste containing materials that areunfit for crushing such as home electric appliances, etc. whilemaintaining a high recovery ratio of valuables, even in the case wherethe waste is directly submitted to crushing without first removingmaterials that are unfit for crushing such as a motor, compressor, etc.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method for crushing material that includescrushable components and other components that are unfit for crushing,comprising: subjecting material including crushable components and othercomponents that are unfit for crushing to a first crushing operation,whereby a primary crushing roller engages a top portion of said materialsuch that said material is conveyed while said crushable components arecrushed and said other components are not crushed; subjecting saidmaterial including said crushable components and said other componentsthat are unfit for crushing to a second crushing operation, wherebysecondary crushing rollers engage the top portion and a bottom portionof said material, respectively, such that said crushable components arefurther crushed while said other components are not crushed; andsubjecting said material including said crushable components and saidother components that are unfit for crushing to a third crushingoperation, whereby said crushable components are further crushed intopieces and said other components are separated from said pieces.
 2. Themethod according to claim 1, wherein subjecting said material to a thirdcrushing operation includes subjecting said material to tertiarycrushing rollers without crushing of said other components, with one ofsaid secondary crushing rollers being employed as one of said tertiarycrushing rollers.
 3. The method according to claim 2, wherein subjectingsaid material to a second crushing operation includes employing saidprimary crushing roller as one of said secondary crushing rollers butnot as said one of said tertiary crushing rollers.
 4. The methodaccording to claim 1, wherein subjecting said material to a secondcrushing operation includes employing said primary crushing roller asone of said secondary crushing rollers.
 5. A crushing apparatus forcrushing material that includes crushable components and othercomponents that are unfit for crushing, comprising: a first crushingroller including spaced crushing blades projecting from a rotary shaft,with said spaced crushing blades for engaging a top portion of materialand conveying the material, and also for crushing crushable componentsof the material, and with said spaced crushing blades being spaced suchthat gaps between adjacent blades allow for passage of other componentsof the material that are unfit for crushing; a second crushing rollerpositioned downstream of said first crushing roller, with said secondcrushing roller including a screw-shaped crushing blade for engaging abottom portion of the material and cooperating with said spaced cuttingblades of said first crushing roller to further crush the crushablecomponents while conveying the material; and a third crushing roller forcooperating with said screw-shaped crushing blade of said secondcrushing roller to crush the crushable components into pieces andseparate the pieces from the other components of the material that areunfit for crushing.
 6. The crushing apparatus according to claim 5,further comprising a projection for supporting material suppliedthereto, wherein said spaced crushing blades are for engaging a topportion of the material and conveying the material as the material issupported by said projection, and are also for crushing crushablecomponents of the material as the material is supported by saidprojection.
 7. The crushing apparatus according to claim 6, wherein saidsecond crushing roller includes additional spaced crushing bladesattached to a rotary shaft and extending beyond said screw-shaped blade,with said additional spaced cutting blades being spaced such that gapsbetween adjacent blades allow for passage of the other components of thematerial that are unfit for crushing, and with said additional spacedcrushing blades for cooperating with said spaced crushing blades of saidfirst crushing roller.
 8. The crushing apparatus according to claim 7,wherein said third crushing roller includes segments extending from arotary shaft, with said segments being substantially parallel to an axisof rotation of said rotary shaft.
 9. The crushing apparatus according toclaim 8, wherein said segments include notches for allowing passagetherethrough of said screw-shaped crushing blade.
 10. The crushingapparatus according to claim 7, further comprising a stationary knifefacing said second crushing roller.
 11. The crushing apparatus accordingto claim 10, wherein said third crushing roller includes segmentsextending from a rotary shaft, with said segments being substantiallyparallel to an axis of rotation of said rotary shaft.
 12. The crushingapparatus according to claim 11, wherein said segments include notchesfor allowing passage therethrough of said screw-shaped crushing blade.13. The crushing apparatus according to claim 10, wherein said thirdcrushing roller includes a main screw blade and an auxiliary screwblade, with said main screw blade extending in a first direction andhaving a first pitch, and said auxiliary screw blade extending in asecond direction that is opposite to said first direction and having acoarse pitch, such that grids are formed between said main screw bladeand said auxiliary screw blade, and wherein the first pitch and thecoarse pitch allow for the other components of the material that areunfit for crushing to pass between turns of said main screw blade andsaid auxiliary screw blade.
 14. The crushing apparatus according toclaim 13, wherein said third crushing roller includes segments extendingfrom a rotary shaft, with said segments being substantially parallel toan axis of rotation of said rotary shaft.
 15. The crushing apparatusaccording to claim 14, wherein said segments include notches forallowing passage therethrough of said screw-shaped crushing blade. 16.The crushing apparatus according to claim 7, wherein said third crushingroller includes a main screw blade and an auxiliary screw blade, withsaid main screw blade extending in a first direction and having a firstpitch, and said auxiliary screw blade extending in a second directionthat is opposite to said first direction and having a coarse pitch, suchthat grids are formed between said main screw blade and said auxiliaryscrew blade, and wherein the first pitch and the coarse pitch allow forthe other components of the material that are unfit for crushing to passbetween turns of said main screw blade and said auxiliary screw blade.17. The crushing apparatus according to claim 6, wherein said thirdcrushing roller includes segments extending from a rotary shaft, withsaid segments being substantially parallel to an axis of rotation ofsaid rotary shaft.
 18. The crushing apparatus according to claim 17,wherein said segments include notches for allowing passage therethroughof said screw-shaped crushing blade.
 19. The crushing apparatusaccording to claim 18, wherein said third crushing roller includes amain screw blade and an auxiliary screw blade, with said main screwblade extending in a first direction and having a first pitch, and saidauxiliary screw blade extending in a second direction that is oppositeto said first direction and having a coarse pitch, such that grids areformed between said main screw blade and said auxiliary screw blade, andwherein the first pitch and the coarse pitch allow for the othercomponents of the material that are unfit for crushing to pass betweenturns of said main screw blade and said auxiliary screw blade.
 20. Thecrushing apparatus according to claim 6, wherein said third crushingroller includes a main screw blade and an auxiliary screw blade, withsaid main screw blade extending in a first direction and having a firstpitch, and said auxiliary screw blade extending in a second directionthat is opposite to said first direction and having a coarse pitch, suchthat grids are formed between said main screw blade and said auxiliaryscrew blade, and wherein the first pitch and the coarse pitch allow forthe other components of the material that are unfit for crushing to passbetween turns of said main screw blade and said auxiliary screw blade.21. The crushing apparatus according to claim 20, wherein said thirdcrushing roller includes segments extending from a rotary shaft, withsaid segments being substantially parallel to an axis of rotation ofsaid rotary shaft.
 22. The crushing apparatus according to claim 6,further comprising a stationary knife facing said second crushingroller.